The West Page Swamp was once used as a tailings repository for a mill that processed zinc and lead ore. The soil material consisted of highly contaminated lead and zinc tailings, materials so toxic that the swamp showed no evidence of ecosystem function. Remediation included constructing a cap over the soil. The cap consisted of biosolids, compost and wood ash. This cap was sufficient to reduce both accessibility and bioavailability of the underlying tailings and restore ecosystem function, characteristic of a naturally occurring wetland to the site. The wetland is now fully functioning and a wildlife habitat.

The Atlas Tack Superfund site is a former manufacturing facility where the ground water was contaminated with cyanide and toluene, and the soil was contaminated with volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Cleanup activities at the site focused on the removal of buildings, contaminated soil, and sediment. The cleanup preserved as much of the wetland sediment as possible and provided the necessary mix of fresh and salt water sources to create a functioning wetland, in addition to protecting human health and the environment.

Leadville was once part of the richest mining district in the world. The area's silver, gold, copper, zinc, manganese, and lead deposits sustained mining and smelting operations for more than 140 years. Once mining operations ceased, the mining district's soil, surface water, and sediments were heavily contaminated with lead, zinc, and other heavy metals from mine tailings. As a remedy, biosolids and lime were applied directly to the tailings along the Upper Arkansas River. This area has been restored and now supports vegetation and wildlife, and is now available for agriculture and recreational uses such as hiking and fishing.

The Army Creek Landfill site is a 47 acre abandoned sand and gravel quarry that was used as a municipal and industrial waste landfill for over nine years. The soil and groundwater were contaminated with chromium, mercury, and volatile organic compounds. Remediation activities at the site included a multi-layer protective cover and a groundwater treatment system. In addition, native vegetation was planted to create a bird and wildlife habitat, and wetlands were created to help prevent flooding and create additional habitat.

While once fertile farm land, a 6,000 hectare area was strip mined for its coal. The mine spoils consisted primarily of unconsolidated overburden soils and consolidated materials such as shale or sandstone bedrock. In 1972 the WRD divided the land into two large parcels according to spoil type plus control areas. At first liquid biosolids (4% solids) were applied directly to the mine spoils. Later the solids content was increased to 60 to 70%. Over time the net carbon (C) sequestration in the soil increased to 1.73 (0.54-3.05) Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1 in biosolids-amended fields as compared with -0.07 to 0.17 Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1 in fertilizer controls. The area has been returned to fertile agricultural land and is classified as a C-sink soil as opposed the normal Midwest Corn Belt soils' C-neutral classification.