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Air Sparging

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◊ Air Sparging
◊ Bioreactor Landfills
◊ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents
◊ Bioventing and Biosparging
◊ Electrokinetics: Electric Current Technologies
◊ Fracturing
◊ Ground-Water Circulating Wells
◊ In Situ Flushing
◊ In Situ Oxidation
◊ Multi-Phase Extraction
◊ Natural Attenuation
◊ Permeable Reactive Barriers
◊ Phytoremediation
◊ Remediation Optimization
◊ Soil Vapor Extraction
◊ Soil Washing
◊ Solvent Extraction
◊ Thermal Treatment: Ex Situ
◊ Thermal Treatment: In Situ

Guidance

Air Sparging Design Paradigm
2002. A. Leeson (Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH), et al. 150 pp.

Air Sparging Guidance Document
2001. K. Fields (Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH); et al. NFESC TR-2193-ENV, 119 pp.

Air Sparging: A Project Manager's Guide
2002. K. Fields (Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH); et al. Battelle Press, Columbus, OH. ISBN:1-57477-130-2, 180 pp. NOTE: The Navy's Air Sparging Guidance Document is a shorter version of this publication.

Analysis of Selected Enhancements for Soil Vapor Extraction
EPA 542-R-97-007 , 1997

This report provides an engineering analysis of, and status report on, selected enhancements for the following soil vapor extraction (SVE) treatment technologies: air sparging, dual-phase extraction, directional drilling, pneumatic and hydraulic fracturing, and thermal enhancement. It also offers an evaluation of each technology's applicability to various site conditions, cost and performance information, a list of vendors specializing in the technologies, a discussion of relative strengths and limitations of the technologies, recommendations to keep in mind when considering the enhancements, and extensive references.

Contaminants in the Subsurface: Source Zone Assessment and Remediation
National Research Council, Committee on Source Removal of Contaminants in the Subsurface. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. ISBN: 030909447X, 383 pp, 2004

After discussing the definition of 'source zone' and the characterization thereof, this report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for ground water to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Diagnostic Tools for the Monitoring and Organization of In-Situ Air Sparging Systems
1998. Illa L. Amerson. TR-1998-4507, ADA340166, 247 pp.

Development of diagnostic tools for quantifying mass transfer rates during in situ air sparging (IAS) operation was focused on two alternatives: (a) a push-pull test using a multi-component tracer solution, and (b) a continuous ground water pumping test coupled with injecting sulfur hexafluoride through the air injection well. Both the multitracer solution and the continuous pumping SF6 test were field tested at the U.S. Navy National Test Site at Port Hueneme, California.

Engineering and Design: In-Situ Air Sparging
1997. EM 1110-1-4005, 154 pp.

This USACE Engineer Manual provides guidance for evaluating the feasibility and applicability of in situ air sparging (IAS) for remediating contaminated ground water and soil. It also describes design and operational considerations for IAS systems. The document is intended to set USACE technical policy on the use of IAS and to help prevent its application in inappropriate settings.

In Situ Air Sparging Subsurface Performance Checklist
1999. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 6 pp.

Innovative Site Remediation Technology: Design & Application, Volume 7: Vacuum Extraction and Air Sparging
1998. American Academy of Environmental Engineers, Annapolis, MD. Prepared by WASTECH, a cooperative project managed by the American Academy of Environmental Engineers with grant assistance from the U.S. EPA, DoD, and DOE.

Describes specific details of design, construction, and operation of air sparging (AS) and SVE systems, including potential enhancements to vapor extraction technology.

Minimum Design Requirements and Common Accepted Engineering Practices: Air Sparging Systems
1998. Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Division. Groundwater Pollution Control Program Guideline #6.

Multi-Site In Situ Air Sparging. ESTCP Cost and Performance Report
2002. U.S. DoD, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, Project CU-9808, 42 pp.

Alternate version published by Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC)

The pilot test recommended in the Air Sparging Design Paradigm for the Standard Design Approach prescribes a suite of diagnostic tests to assess air distribution. The approach was tested at 10 DoD sites. The chief difference between the ESTCP and NAVFAC versions of this report is the cover.