CLU-IN.ORG | Technology Focus: FRACTURING, Application

Fracturing

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◊ Air Sparging
◊ Bioreactor Landfills
◊ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents
◊ Bioventing and Biosparging
◊ Electrokinetics: Electric Current Technologies
◊ Fracturing
◊ Ground-Water Circulating Wells
◊ In Situ Flushing
◊ In Situ Oxidation
◊ Multi-Phase Extraction
◊ Natural Attenuation
◊ Permeable Reactive Barriers
◊ Phytoremediation
◊ Remediation Optimization
◊ Soil Vapor Extraction
◊ Soil Washing
◊ Solvent Extraction
◊ Thermal Treatment: Ex Situ
◊ Thermal Treatment: In Situ

Application

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Fracturing Demonstrated at U.S. Department of Energy Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Ohio, and Department of Defense and Commercial Sites
1998. DOE/EM-0348.

Hydraulic and pneumatic fracturing induce fractures in the subsurface to enhance the remediation of contaminants both above and below the water table. This cost and performance case study covers demonstrations that were conducted between July 1991 and August 1996.

In Situ Remediation Technology Status Report: Hydrofracturing/Pneumatic Fracturing
EPA 542-K-94-005 , 1994

Describes field demonstrations or full-scale applications of in situ abiotic technologies for nonaqueous phase liquids and ground water treatment.

Remediation of DNAPLs in Low Permeability Soils: Innovative Technology Summary Report
2000. U.S. DOE, Office of Environmental Management, Subsurface Contaminants Focus Area. Report No: DOE/EM-0550, 36 pp.

Steam and Electroheating Remediation of Tight Soils
1999. Balshaw-Biddle, K.; C.L. Oubre; C.H. Ward, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. ISBN: 1566704650, 448 pp.

X-231A Demonstration of In-Situ Remediation of DNAPL Compounds in Low Permeability Media by Soil Fracturing with Thermally Enhanced Mass Recovery or Reactive Barrier Destruction
1998. R.L. Siegrist, et al. ORNL/TM--13534, NTIS: DE98058134, 300 pp.

A set of four test cells was established at the X-231A land treatment unit in August 1996, and a series of field activities occurred through December 1997 to demonstrate soil fracturing with thermally enhanced mass recovery or horizontal barrier destruction in situ. Available through the DOE Information Bridge.