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Phytoremediation

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◊ Air Sparging
◊ Bioreactor Landfills
◊ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents
◊ Bioventing and Biosparging
◊ Electrokinetics: Electric Current Technologies
◊ Fracturing
◊ Ground-Water Circulating Wells
◊ In Situ Flushing
◊ In Situ Oxidation
◊ Multi-Phase Extraction
◊ Natural Attenuation
◊ Permeable Reactive Barriers
◊ Phytoremediation
◊ Remediation Optimization
◊ Soil Vapor Extraction
◊ Soil Washing
◊ Solvent Extraction
◊ Thermal Treatment: Ex Situ
◊ Thermal Treatment: In Situ

For more information on Phytoremediation, please contact:

Ellen Rubin
Technology Assessment Branch
(703) 603-0141
rubin.ellen@epa.gov

Guidance

Brownfields Technology Primer: Selecting and Using Phytoremediation for Site Cleanup
EPA 542-R-01-006, 2001

This primer explains the phytoremediation process, discusses the potential advantages and considerations in selecting phytoremediation to clean up brownfields sites, and provides information on additional resources about phytoremediation.

Draft Protocol for Controlling Contaminated Groundwater by Phytostabilization
1999. Hauser, V.L.; D.M. Gimon; J.D. Horin, Prepared for Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence Technology Transfer Div. (AFCEE/ERT) by Mitretek Systems, Inc., 122 pp.

Emerging Technologies for the Remediation of Metals in Soils: Phytoremediation
1997. Interstate Technology and Regulatory Cooperation (ITRC) Working Group. MIS-4, 33 pp.

Evaluation of Phytoremediation for Management of Chlorinated Solvents in Soil and Groundwater
EPA 542-R-05-001, 2005

This document is intended to aid regulators, site owners, consultants, neighbors, and other stakeholders in understanding the proper application of planted systems to remediate groundwater contaminated with halogenated solvents. It assumes a familiarity with environmental and regulatory processes, in general, but little knowledge of plant-based, or 'phytoremediation,' technologies. The document is not intended as regulatory guidance, but as an aid to understanding of the mechanisms of how plants detoxify certain compounds under certain conditions.

Overview of Native Plant Species with Remediation Potential That Have Applicability to Land Rehabilitation Objectives
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Public Works Technical Bulletin. PWTB 200-1-53, 40 pp, 2007

This bulletin presents an overview of native plant species that have been shown, through previous phytoremediation investigations, to provide some level of improvement in soil contaminant persistence and/or mobility. Appendix A provide an overview of heavy metal, explosive, and petroleum contaminants, including likely contaminated areas on military training lands. Appendices B through F provide specific information for native plant species with remediation capacity adapted to a particular geographic region (Pacific Coast, Western Mountain, Central Plains, Southeast, and Northeast). Appendix G provides an overview of growth requirements for all plant species presented in this bulletin.

Phytoremediation Decision Tree
1999

This document was produced by the Interstate Technology Regulatory Cooperation (ITRC) workgroup. The intent of this document is to provide a tool that can be used to determine if phytoremediation has the ability to be effective at a given site. It is designed to compliment existing phytoremediation documents. It allows the user to take basic information from a specific site and, through a flow chart layout, decide if phytoremediation is feasible at that site.

Phytoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Remediation Technologies Development Forum Phytoremediation Action Team Field Study Protocol
1999. (Revised)

Technical and Regulatory Guidance Document: Phytotechnology
2001

Interstate Technology and Regulatory Cooperation Work Group (ITRC), Phytotechnologies Work Team Document No: PHYTO-2. 124 pp, Apr 2001

Technology Evaluation Report: Phytoremediation
1998

This report, compiled by the Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Center (GWRTAC), provides a review of phytoremediation technologies. Information was gathered primarily from peer-reviewed papers and publications and, in some instances, from personal communication with involved parties.