Remediation of soils at small arms firing ranges presents unique challenges because contaminants exist both as discrete particles and as sorbed compounds dispersed throughout the soil matrix. The form and distribution of particulate lead varies based on range use, size and impact velocity of the round, soil characteristics, and past range maintenance practices. Removal of the discrete particles during remediation reduces not only total but leachable lead as well. Unfortunately, simple dry screening is seldom suitable to remove lead particles through all size ranges where it is present.
Based on ITRC's Characterization and Remediation of Soils at Closed Small Arms Firing Ranges (SMART-1, 2003), this course introduces participants to the various physical (including hydraulic), chemical, and biochemical mechanisms available to treat or stabilize closed small arms firing ranges, after some unique characterization challenges are overcome. |